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Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) burial ground for the dead of the First World War in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front. After Tyne Cot, it is the second largest cemetery for Commonwealth forces in Belgium. Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is located near Poperinge in the province of West Flanders. Most of those buried in the cemetery are war casualties who had been wounded near Ypres and later died in the four large Allied casualty clearing stations located in this area. ==History== During the First World War, the village of Lijssenthoek was situated on the main communication line between the Allied military bases and the Ypres battlefields. Because of its location close to the Ypres frontline, but out of the range of most German field artillery, Lijssenthoek was chosen as the site of Allied casualty clearing stations.〔(CWGC, Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 A farm called Remi Quaghebeur became the centre point at Lijssenthoek around which a number of field hospitals were established. During the war, the location was also known as Remy Farm, and many structures in the vicinity were used for medical purposes. Farm buildings also stood just north-west of the modern-day cemetery, and this site was known as Corfu Farm during the war.〔(Behind the Lines, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 Rail tracks were constructed from the main railway line to enable ambulance trains to bring Allied wounded into these medical units from Poperinge and to take them from there on to the large military hospitals on the French coast.〔(The Great War 1914-1918: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 The cemetery was originally established at the start of the war by the French Army's 15th Hopital D'Evacuation. Between autumn 1914 and early summer 1915, this unit began to bury casualties who had been treated at their Lijssenthoek field hospital but had not survived their wounds. At this time French military forces were present in the Ypres Salient, holding the Allied front line positions to the north and to the south-east of Ypres.〔(The Great War 1914-1918: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 From June 1915, the cemetery began to be used for dead from British and Commonwealth military medical units. Four Allied casualty clearing stations were located at Lijssenthoek by 1917.〔(The Great War 1914-1918: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 Together, they eventually accommodated some 4,000 hospital beds〔(Project Lijssenthoek, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 and formed the biggest evacuation hospital in the Ypres Salient.〔(Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery Visitor Centre, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 The growing size of the medical facilities reflected the growing scale of injuries and number of casualties being brought back from the Ypres frontline as major offensives were carried out.〔(The Great War 1914-1918: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 In the period of the German advance following the German Spring Offensive of 1918, the Allied casualty clearing stations at Lijssenhoek were evacuated between April and August 1918.〔(The Great War 1914-1918: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery )〕 During that time, field ambulances (including a French ambulance unit) took their places.〔(CWGC, Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 The first plans to lay out the war cemetery site at Lijssenhoek in its present shape date from 1918.〔(Project Lijssenthoek, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 After the end of the war, the original wooden grave markers were replaced with standard Commonwealth War Grave markers made of Portland stone, and the area was carefully landscaped. In the years since the First World War, a further 41 graves have been added to Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery. These include 24 war dead from several isolated positions near Poperinge, which were reburied in Plot XXXI in 1920, and 17 war dead from St. Denijs Churchyard, which were reburied in Plot XXXII in 1981.〔(CWGC, Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕 There is also one non World War burial here.〔(CWGC, Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09 )〕〔(Press report on the unmarked burial of the ashes of John Raphael's mother )〕 In June 2009, a research project on military medicine during the First World War was started at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, with a focus on medical assistance behind the front line.〔http://www.marlesfordww1.co.uk/index.php/cemeteries/lijssenthoek-military-cemetery〕 A new Visitor Centre at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery was opened in September 2012. It is a modern design of glass, steel and concrete that is used for the briefing of groups before they enter the cemetery. There is also a presentation of the history of Remy Farm at Lijssenthoek and the casualty clearing stations once located there.〔http://www.1914-1918.net/onthetrail/index.php/lijssenthoek-centre-opens-first-impressions/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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